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Glossary
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C
- case based reasoning
- A technique for problem solving which looks for previous examples which are similar to the current problem. This is useful where heuristic knowledge is not available.
- central processing unit
- (CPU, processor) The part of a computer which controls all the other parts. The CPU fetches instructions from memory and decodes them.
- clamped state variable
- cognitive architecture
- A computer architecure involving non-deterministic, multiple inference processes, as found in neural networks. Cognitive architectures model the human brain and contrast with single processor computers. The term might also refer to software architectures, e.g. fuzzy logic.
- conceptualisation
- The collection of objects, concepts and other entities that are assumed to exist in some area of interest and the relationships that hold among them. A conceptualisation is an abstract, simplified view of the world that we wish to represent.
- connection
- conjugate gradient
- constraint
- A Boolean relation, often an equality or ineqality relation, between the values of one or more variables (often two). E.g. x>3 is a constraint on x. Constraint satisfaction is the process of assigning values to variables so that all constraints are true.
- constraint functional programming
- content addressable memory
- (CAM, or associative memory) A kind of storage device which includes comparison logic with each bit of storage. A data value is broadcast to all words of storage and compared with the values there. Words which match are flagged in some way. Subsequent operations can then work on flagged words, e.g. read them out one at a time or write to certain bit positions in all of them.
- coprocessor
- Any computer processor which assists the main processor (the CPU) by performing certain special functions, usually much faster than the main processor could perform them in software.
- CPU
- central processing unit
- cybernetics
- The comparative study of the internal workings of organic and machine processes in order to understand their similarities and differences. Cybernetics often refers to machines that imitate human behaviour.
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